Mathematics Seek Parsimony, Not Simplicity
The title is inspired from Simon's paper of 2002, "Science seeks parsimony, not simplicity: searching for pattern in phenomena". In his paper, the author explains that science looks for parsimonious paradigms that are meaningful and that create added value to the scientific community.
Many scientists believe that simplicity is a crucial element in their quest for knowledge. The order, which is found in chaos, it is thought, facilitates understanding, prediction and intervention. The idea that simplicity matters in mathematics is as old as mathematics itself. Mathematics is not some kind of opaque, untrustworthy black magic. Nor is it an infallible solution to every dilemma. It’s just a set of ideas, which can help us understand our world. As with any subject, some bits are difficult and some are surprisingly easy. But in the words of mathematician Stan Gudder, "The essence of mathematics is not to make simple things complicated, but to make complicated things simple."
It is hard to distinguish what is simple from what is complex in mathematics, may be because they are two sides of the same coin, one is just the dual of the other. However, Terence tao like to talk about good mathematics which is related to the concept of mathematical quality. In particular, it is worth pointing out that mathematical rigor, while highly important, is only one component of what determines a quality piece of mathematics.
Einstein believes that simplicity and understanding go in pair, he said to this effect: "If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough". In contrast, Richard Feynman admits that some theories are difficult to explain simply. He said: "If I Could Explain it to the Average Person, I Wouldn't Have Been Worth the Nobel Prize".
Références
- Herbert A. Simon, Science seeks parsimony, not simplicity: searching for pattern in phenomena. In Simplicity, Inference and Modelling: Keeping it Sophisticatedly Simple 32-72. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2001.
- Arnold Zellner, Hugo A. Keuzenkamp, Michael McAleer, Simplicity, Inference and Modelling Keeping it Sophisticatedly Simple, Cambridge University Press, 2002.
- Adam Kucharski, Keep It Simple, Stupid: Math Doesn’t Have to Be "Complex", Scientific American Blog, 2013.
- Terence Tao, What is good mathematics? Bulletin Of The American Mathematical Society, 2007.
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